Learning Theories – Cognitivism
As the name implies, cognitivism is grounded in cognition. This theory, which represents a move away from behaviorism, began in the late 1950s (Ertmer and Newby, 2013). It is concerned with learning processes, so the reception, organization, storage, and retrieval…
Learning Theories – Constructivism
According to the University of Buffalo (n.d.), “Constructivism is the theory that says learners construct knowledge rather than just passively take in information. As people experience the world and reflect upon those experiences, they build their representations and incorporate new…
Learning Theories – Connectivism
Connectivism is defined as “actionable knowledge, where an understanding of where to find knowledge may be more important than answering how or what that knowledge encompasses” (Duke, Harper, and Johnston, 2013, p. 7). “ A nascent learning theory, connectivism, promotes…
Learning Theories – Behaviorism
Coming out of the work of B.F. Skinner and J.B. Watson, behaviorism is based on the premise that science needs to limit itself to what can be observed and measured. Thus, it is a repudiation of the earlier, more introspective…
Decolonizing the Curriculum
What does decolonize the curriculum mean? Decolonization is “the process of deconstructing colonial ideologies of the superiority and privilege of Western thought and approaches. Decolonization involves valuing and revitalizing Indigenous knowledge and approaches and weeding out Western biases or assumptions…
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
What is Universal Design for Learning (UDL)? Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is a framework developed by CAST. UDL guides the design of learning experiences to meet the needs of all learners proactively. When you use UDL, you assume that barriers to…